ECAS7
Panels
(P086)
Villes et projets urbains en Afrique : politiques de la culture / cultures du politique
Location KH105
Date and Start Time 29 June, 2017 at 09:00
Convenor
Francisco Freire (CRIA/FCSH-NOVA)
email
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Short Abstract
Ce panel portera sur les interactions entre culture et politique en Afrique, examinant la façon dont les diverses formes d'exercice du pouvoir se redessinent, du fait notamment, de l'émergence, en milieu urbain, de nouveaux enjeux socio-politiques.
Long Abstract
Ce panel interrogera les interactions récentes entre culture et politique en Afrique, et le rôle des contextes urbanisés dans les luttes de pouvoir actuelles. Les contributions attendues fourniront des exemples provenant des différentes géographies du continent, ce qui permettra d'ouvrir un débat élargi.
Les participations qui en résulteront permettront de réfléchir, tout particulièrement, aux nouvelles formes de contestation et aux projets de gouvernance. Le rôle actuel des médias et des technologies de communication dans les dynamiques sociales et politiques retiendra aussi notre attention.
Un intérêt particulier sera porté aux échelles auxquelles les individus et les groupes appartiennent, afin de mieux comprendre la façon dont les trajectoires politiques contemporaines se déclinent, entre le local et le global, entre le singulier et le cosmopolite. En effet, les sphères nationales ou internationales constituent souvent des espaces privilégiés de défense d'intérêts et de projets d'ambition éminemment locale.
Plus généralement, ce panel proposera un débat en relation aux contextes politiques changeants, soumis à l'exigence de normes « exogènes » (démocratie, multipartisme, droits humains, bonne gouvernance) sans oublier le rôle prégnant des élites politico-religieuses locales. Nous nous intéresserons aussi à la façon dont les alliances politiques se nouent et se dénouent, à la mobilité des élites dans le cadre des alternances politiques et à leurs projets, ainsi qu'aux discours que ces alliances et mobilités déclenchent.
This panel is closed to new paper proposals.
Papers
From Village to Town. Itineraries and Identity of Slave Descendants Settling in the Cities in Cameroon and Chad
Short Abstract
Northern Cameroon, Northern Chad, slave descendant; slave villages; achievement of emancipation, low status citizens, stigma of slavery; migration in the urban areas; Settlements; the “enslaving” status.
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Long Abstract
From Village to Town. Itineraries and Identity of Slave Descendants settling in the Cities in Cameroon and Chad.
Adam Mahamat, PhD
Department of History
University of Maroua, Cameroon
Email: adammj2002@yahoo.fr
In Northern Cameroon and Northern Chad, the issue of being a slave descendant is crucial. Former inhabitants of slave villages like Mikiri, Gayak, Kourgui, Massaguets, Massenya despite the achievement of emancipation, are still reported to belong to the low status citizens. They hardly overcome the stigma of slavery in their day-to-day life. The moving from the village (Roumde) to the town (Wouro) failed to change the perception of people around them.
Settlements in Maroua, Garoua, Mora (Cameroon) and in N'Djamena (Chad) are meant to erase the "enslaving" status. The interactions between the different actors make the perceptions much more complicated in a mixing environment.
Case studies of conflicting conditions, chosen in Cameroon and Chad, discloses the apparent co-existence. The hidden existence of these "citizens" is likely to revisit the moving identity of the descendants of the "bazinguers" (captives and soldiers of Rabih Fadl Allah, killed in 1900) in the lake Chad basin. Their local distribution in N'Djamena town indicates the different origins and the various domains in which they operate.
Key Words: Slave Descendant, Itineraries, Moving Identity, Urban Areas, Cameroon, Chad.
Mouvements sociaux au Niger dans une perspective d'engagement politique citoyen : la place des Organisations de la Société Civile (OSC) à Niamey
Short Abstract
Au Niger, la difficile séparation des pouvoirs exécutif, législatif et judiciaire demeure un fait. Dans le sens où le pouvoir exécutif a toujours une prépondérance sur les deux autres.
Long Abstract
Il s'agit tout d'abord ici, de faire une lecture sociologique de l'échiquier politique nigérien et de comprendre les enjeux liés à l'éclosion des partis politiques.
The "reterritorialization" of the urban space in the occupied Western Sahara in Sahrawi contemporary poetry in Spanish
Short Abstract
The aim of this paper is to focus on the relation between Sahrawi contemporary poetry in Spanish and urban space in the occupied zones of the Western Sahara by examining critically a selection of poems by the group of poets of the Sahrawi Generation of Friendship.
Long Abstract
This paper will focus on the relation between Sahrawi contemporary poetry in Spanish and urban space in the occupied zones of the Western Sahara.
The author will reflect on how the Sahrawi people strive to regain possession of the urban space illegally occupied by Morocco since 6 November 1975, when the Green March began. Specifically, the paper will concentrate on the intifada in 2005 and the establishment of the Gdeim Izik protest camp in 2010.
Along with this consideration on the "spacial" claims of the Sahrawi people, the author will analyze the role Sahrawi poets play within this context of the Sahrawi people's struggle for self-determination, by examining critically a selection of poems from the anthologies "Aaiún: gritando lo que se siente" (2006) and "La primavera saharaui: escritores saharauis con Gdeim Izik" (2012) by the group of poets of the Sahrawi Generation of Friendship, who adopt the Spanish language as a symbol of resistance against the invasion by the Moroccans, aiming to "reterritorialize" the persecuted culture.
Their aesthetics of resistance as found in their lyrics function as a clear discursive strategy in support of Sahrawi political rhetoric: in his lyrics, politically and poetically committed, the Sahrawi poet takes the invaded space back both textually and culturally. Consequently, the poetic word is thought as a potentially loaded weapon.
This panel is closed to new paper proposals.